I see it mainly in Fantasy Books.
One Brother is the good one, he is manly, strong, don’t care about riches, and have a good heart. He will be the protagonist or the protagonist friend.
The other one is the Bad Brother, he have a more weak body, have femine traits, always using fancy clothes and jewels, is less loved by others, and he is jealous. He will be the antagonist.
In a arc of >!Ranger!< this trope is reverse, which was a breath of air.
I’m currently re-reading through The Fencer Trilogy by K.J Parker and it does a good job subverting this by having both brothers be pieces of shit, just one is slightly worse than the other.