I don’t know about Bolivia, but Venezuela ironically has zero pretensions of being a socialist country; there are no mentions of Marx or Marxism in their constitution. It’s just that they pissed off the US really hard by daring to be a sucdem country while operation condor was in full effect and while they wanted to force neoliberalism into latin america. They also reverted the US backed coup almost instantly.
Hugo Chavez and Maduro have praised Marxism and Marx IIRC, but they’ve also both said I think that they aren’t absolutely committed to Marxism, but that socialism is a long-term goal.
By “socialism” they mean something very different from what marxists mean. This isnt a dig at them or anything, but Venezuela inst really a communist project like China, the USSR or even Chile under Allende.
I don’t know about Bolivia, but Venezuela ironically has zero pretensions of being a socialist country; there are no mentions of Marx or Marxism in their constitution. It’s just that they pissed off the US really hard by daring to be a sucdem country while operation condor was in full effect and while they wanted to force neoliberalism into latin america. They also reverted the US backed coup almost instantly.
Hugo Chavez and Maduro have praised Marxism and Marx IIRC, but they’ve also both said I think that they aren’t absolutely committed to Marxism, but that socialism is a long-term goal.
By “socialism” they mean something very different from what marxists mean. This isnt a dig at them or anything, but Venezuela inst really a communist project like China, the USSR or even Chile under Allende.
I understand what you are getting at, but I don’t think Venezuela eschews Marxism or class struggle, at least.