None of them really have a hierarchy at all. Dogs, cats and horses are usually just a breeding pair and their offspring. Actually foxes are the only animal you named that does live in a structured hierarchy.
The guy that claimed it later proved it wasn’t true and has spent the rest of his life yelling about how he was wrong. With way too many people not listening. Wolves just exist in social groups.
Sorry, meant pack hierarchy.
None of them really have a hierarchy at all. Dogs, cats and horses are usually just a breeding pair and their offspring. Actually foxes are the only animal you named that does live in a structured hierarchy.
I don’t know anything about it, but apparently alpha wolves are not actually a thing. Can someone chime in more info?
The guy that claimed it later proved it wasn’t true and has spent the rest of his life yelling about how he was wrong. With way too many people not listening. Wolves just exist in social groups.