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Joined 1 year ago
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Cake day: June 17th, 2023

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  • I agree with your sentiment, but I wouldn’t call activism (and especially not journalism) a wasted effort in that regard. Bringing issues to light is the first step in creating a visible dent in the balance sheets. Public perception shapes consumer behavior to some degree and can put pressure on lawmakers to introduce legislation against harmful conduct. On the other hand, if the general public only hears the company’s side of the story underlining how clean and ethical they are, there will never be any pressure for change.




  • Not quite ELI5 but I’ll try “basic understanding of calculus” level.

    In very broad terms, the model learns complex relationships between words (or tokens to be specific, explained below) as probabilistic scores. At its simplest, this could mean the likelihood of one word appearing next to another in the massive amounts of text the model was trained with: the words “apple” and “pie” are often found together, so they might have a high-ish score of 0.7, while the words “apple” and “chair” might have a lower score of just 0.2. Recent GPT models consist of several billions of these scores, known as the weights. Once their values have been estabilished by feeding lots of text through the model’s training process, they are all that’s needed to generate more text.

    Without getting into the math too much, this is how a GPT model then uses these numbers to come up with words:

    • The input prompt is first chopped up into tokens that are each assigned a number. For example, the OpenAI tokenizer translates “Hello world!” into the numbers [15496, 995, 0]. You can think of this as the A=1, B=2, C=3… cipher we all learnt as kids, but the numbers are also assigned to common words, syllables and punctuation.
    • These numbers are inserted into a massive system of equations where they are multiplied together with the billions of weights of the model in a specific manner. This calculation results in a probability score from 0 to 1 for each token known by the model, representing how likely that token is to appear next in sequences that look similar to your input.
    • One of the tokens with the highest scores is chosen as the model’s output semi-randomly to provide variance.
    • This cycle is then repeated over and over, generating the text one token at a time.

    In reality we’re not quite so sure what the weights represent to the model exactly, but this is the gist of it. All we know is that they signify the importances or non-importances that the model places on some pattern that was present in the training data. Some of these patterns could be just simple two-word pairs, but many are probably much more complicated. Lots of researchers are currently trying to get a better idea of how these numbers are actually affecting the model’s output.


  • Jos ilmastoa ei oteta huomioon, niin mitä tarjoaisit ratkaisuksi, jotta sinunlaisesi jäisivät tyytyväisinä Suomeen? Näkisin meidän talousongelmien kumpuavan ennen kaikkea väestönrakenteen vinoumasta, ja kierrehän vain syvenee, jos trendiksi muodostuu ottaa täältä ilmainen korkeakoulutus, mutta kaikota maasta ja tehdä lapset muualle siinä kohtaa kun investointi olisi tarkoitus maksaa takaisin. Hommahan kuitenkin pyörii sillä oletuksella, että osan kansasta kohdalla investointi jää väkisin syystä tai toisesta miinukselle, mutta osalla taas riittää rahkeet niihin “hyviin hommiin” joilla tappiot katetaan.

    Itse ajattelen, että meikäläisen verorahoilla subventoidaan niitä vähemmän tuottavia, mutta silti yhteiskunnan pyörimisen kannalta tärkeitä matalapalkka-ammatteja, ja tarjotaan työttömille turvaverkko josta ainakin toivottavasti valtio jää plussan puolelle (joo, osa rottailee, mutta osa työllistyy, ja esim kodittomuuden aiheuttamat lieveilmiöt poistuvat kun kaikilla on edes katto pään päällä). Itselle jää silti rahaa kaikkeen mitä elämiseen ja harrastamiseen tarvitsee, ja kohtuullisesti vielä säästöön. Joo, ei yhtä paljon kuin jos muuttaisin Jenkkeihin koodaamaan, mutta hittoako sillä rahalla tekee? Kyllä täälläkin pystyisi näillä palkoilla menemään yksityselle terveydenhuoltoon jos tarve vaatisi, ja yksityiskouluja karsastan vahvasti: koen hienona juttuna, että sain omassa lapsuudessani kaveerata monenlaisten perheiden lasten kanssa, enkä tahtoisi sulkea omiani mihinkään rikkaiden eliittikuplaan. Minun ei täällä tarvitse säästää lasteni yliopistomaksuihin tai yllättävän työkyvyttömäksi ajavan sairauden varalle, ja kyseenalaistan kalliden autojen, huviveneiden jne. olevan elämänonnellisuuden kannalta merkityksellisiä hankintoja. Vähemmälläkin pärjää, ja tulisikin pärjätä, jotta seuraavillekin sukupolville riittää.



  • I’m currently maintaining a multi million line VB.NET code base, the foundations of which were hastily laid down by young and inexperienced devs realizing a business opportunity in the early 2000s. Lots of these out there in the enterprise world from what I hear and I think this is where there the language gets its reputation from. Sure, at its best it’s just C# with words in place of curly braces, but that’s only the case with well disciplined programmers (and even then, why not just use C#?). Option Strict is, well, just an option, and even the infamous On Error Resume Next is still usable in VB.NET to this day afaik. A lot more room for shooting yourself (or the next person reading your code) in the foot if you don’t know what to look out for.