I’m surprised it’s as little as that. My understanding of trains is that the rolling resistance is very low and that all the energy is really for accelerating from standstill. That would be recovered during braking (mostly).
Cabin climate and lighting, especially in warmer contries must be a good 10-20% of energy usage. But yeah a lot of energy is wasted into heat, the London underground is a perfect case study on it
I’m surprised it’s as little as that. My understanding of trains is that the rolling resistance is very low and that all the energy is really for accelerating from standstill. That would be recovered during braking (mostly).
Cabin climate and lighting, especially in warmer contries must be a good 10-20% of energy usage. But yeah a lot of energy is wasted into heat, the London underground is a perfect case study on it
https://youtu.be/Y8RfeAmLfn8
I am now genuinely curious about the challenges of insulating things underground. Do you know a good article or a study that I can read?